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Although bloody pericardial effusion often suggests neoplasia, such an event is not rare in tuberculosis (TB), especially in those countries with a high TB disease burden. Meanwhile, TB accounts for 50% and greater than 90% of large pericardial effusions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and HIV-positive patients, respectively. Here we report a case of a 24-year-old HIV-negative male who presented with fever and hemorrhagic pericardial effusion. The patient was given presumptive anti-TB treatment before diagnosis was established. Eventually the patient responded well to the anti-TB treatment at the last follow-up and the diagnosis was confirmed by aspirated pericardial fluid culture on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium.
Such accounts for 50% and greater than 90% of large pericardial effusions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -negative and HIV-positive patients, respectively. Here we report a case of a 24-year-old HIV-negative male who presented with fever and hemorrhagic pericardial effusion. The patient was given presumptive anti-TB treatment before diagnosis was established. Eventually the patient responded well to the anti-TB treatment at the last follow-up and the diagnosis was confirmed by aspirated pericardial fluid culture on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium.