肺栓塞 (pulmonaryembolism ,PE)的病死率在西方发达国家仅次于肿瘤和心肌梗死[1] ,居第三位。美国每年新发PE 6 0万人 ,5～ 2 0万人死亡[2 ] ,英国每年发生非致死性PE 4万例 ,致死性PE 2万例。愈来愈多的证据表明 ,PE在我国也是一种比较常见的高致死性疾病。北京阜外医院报道P The mortality of pulmonary embolism (PE) is second only to that of tumors and MI in the developed western countries [1], ranking the third. In the United States, a new PE of 60 million people and 50 to 200,000 people die every year [2]. There are 40,000 non-fatal PEs and 20,000 fatal PEs each year in the United Kingdom. More and more evidence shows that PE is also a kind of common high fatal disease in our country. Beijing Fu Wai Hospital reported