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如何应对价值冲突撕毁共识的问题,政治哲学已经提供诸多解决思路,其中最有影响的是罗尔斯的重叠共识。但是在罗尔斯的作品中,重叠共识蕴含着两种可能的解读路径,一种是康德主义的,另一是非康德主义的。依循第一种路径,共识的达成是通过收缩共识焦点的范围,因而它会不够恰当地处理冲突性价值。依循第二种路径,达成共识的主要方式不是收缩而是拓展共识焦点的范围,因而它所达成的共识是持有冲突性价值的主体基于学习和理解而生成的交互共识。
How to deal with the conflict of values to tear up consensus, political philosophy has provided many solutions, the most influential is Rawls’s overlapping consensus. However, in Rawls’s work, overlapping consensus contains two possible paths of interpretation, one is Kantianism and the other is non-Kantism. Following the first path, the consensus reached by narrowing the scope of the consensus focus would not adequately address the conflicting values. Following the second path, the main way to reach a consensus is not to shrink but to broaden the scope of the consensus, so the consensus it reached is that of conflicting values generated by learning and understanding.