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目的研究野西瓜(Capparis spinosa L.)果皮中有机酸类化学成分,为进一步阐明其抗炎抗菌活性成分、充分开发利用提供科学依据。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,并通过理化常数测定和波谱分析鉴定其化学结构。结果从野西瓜果皮中分离得到了6个有机酸类化合物,即香草酸(vanillic acid,1)、4-羟基苯甲酸(4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2)、原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,3)、2,4-二羟基苯甲酸(2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid,4)、丁二酸(succinic acid,5)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,6);分离得到3个甾体类化合物为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,7)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,8)、α-菠菜甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,9)。结论化合物4、6、9为首次从山柑属植物中分离得到。
Objective To study the chemical constituents of organic acids in the skin of Capparis spinosa L. to provide scientific basis for the further elucidation of its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial active ingredients. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and hydroxypropyl sepharose column chromatography. Their chemical structures were determined by physicochemical constants and spectral analysis. Results Six organic acid compounds were isolated from the skin of wild watermelon, namely vanillic acid (1), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), and protocatechuic acid (3). 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (4), succinic acid (5), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate, 6); 3 steroids were isolated as β-sitosterol (7), daucosterol (8), α-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranose Alpha-spinasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Conclusion Compounds 4, 6 and 9 were isolated from the plants of Capparis for the first time.