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为研究云南锦斑蛾Achelura yunnanensis幼虫的化学防御策略,利用硅胶柱色谱和HPLC制备色谱等色谱学方法对其毒性分泌液进行了化学成分的分离,并通过核磁共振和质谱学方法对分离到的成分进行了结构鉴定。从其毒性分泌液中分离得到了两个神经毒性氰苷类化合物,经鉴定分别为linamarin和lotaustralin。取食试验表明,linamarin对黑头酸臭蚁Tapinoma melanocephalum有明显的拒食活性。我们推测,云南锦斑蛾体内的神经毒性物质氰苷是通过摄取宿主植物冬樱花Prunus cerasoides和云南樱花P.majestic而获得的,并在体内转化形成毒液,用于防御其天敌。本研究为云南锦斑蛾和宿主植物的协同进化提供了化学依据。
In order to study the chemical defense strategy of Achelura yunnanensis larvae, the chemical constituents of Achelura yunnanensis larvae were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC preparative chromatography. The chemical constituents of Achelura yunnanensis larvae were isolated by NMR and mass spectrometry Ingredients were identified by structure. Two neurotoxic cyanogenic glycosides were isolated from their toxic exudates and identified as linamarin and lotaustralin, respectively. Feeding experiments showed that linamarin had obvious antifeedant activity against Tapinoma melanocephalum. We hypothesize that the cyanogenin, a neurotoxic substance in the body of Chrysopa polymorpha of Yunnan, was obtained by ingestion of the host plants Prunus cerasoides and P. majestic, and transformed into a venom in the body for the defense of their natural enemies. This study provides a chemical basis for the co-evolution of Plutella xylostella and host plants in Yunnan Province.