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目的研究饮水添加不同水平硼对大鼠血细胞计数、形态结构及血红蛋白含量的影响。方法96只28±2d清洁级SD大鼠,分为6组,每组16只,雌雄各半,分别饮用添加0、40、80、160、320和640mg/L硼的蒸馏水,试验期2个月。试验结束时,10%水合氯醛腹腔麻醉,右心房采血,血细胞计数,血红蛋白含量测定,血涂片制作、瑞氏-吉姆萨氏染色、显微观察与摄影。结果(1)试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组红细胞数和血红蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ～Ⅴ组红、白细胞数,血红蛋白含量及中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞比例显著降低(P<0.05)。各试验组网织红细胞数不同程度升高。(2)试验Ⅰ组红细胞、淋巴细胞和单核细胞形态结构无明显变化;中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞等粒细胞胞核体积增大。试验Ⅱ～Ⅴ组,随硼添加剂量增加,变形、破碎的红细胞增多;淋巴细胞胞核先固缩后肿胀;粒细胞胞质内的特殊颗粒减少甚至消失,细胞核难以着色,其中试验Ⅴ组多叶型中性粒细胞较多。结论饮水添加40 mg/L硼对大鼠血细胞的发生、增殖及形态结构与功能有较明显的促进作用;添加80 mg/L硼对血细胞的形态结构与功能有一定不良影响;添加160～640 mg/L硼对大鼠的血细胞则有不同程度损伤,甚至表现明显毒性作用。
Objective To study the effect of drinking different levels of boron on blood count, morphological structure and hemoglobin in rats. Methods 96 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of 28 ± 2 days were divided into 6 groups with 16 rats in each group. The rats were drank respectively with 0, 40, 80, 160, 320 and 640 mg / L boron. month. At the end of the experiment, intraperitoneal anesthesia with 10% chloral hydrate, right atrium blood collection, blood cell count, hemoglobin content determination, blood smear production, Wright-Giemsa staining, microscopic observation and photography were performed. Results (1) The erythrocyte number and hemoglobin content of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ increased significantly (P <0.05). The number of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, neutrophil, eosinophil and monocyte in group Ⅲ ~ Ⅴ were significantly decreased (P <0.05). The number of reticulocytes in each experimental group increased to varying degrees. (2) The morphological changes of erythrocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes did not change significantly in experimental group Ⅰ; the neutrophil and eosinophil granulocyte nucleus volume increased. Test Ⅱ ~ Ⅴ group, with the increase of boron dose, deformation, broken erythrocytes increased; Lymphocyte nuclei first shrink after swelling; granulosa cytoplasm of the special particles to reduce or even disappear, the nucleus is difficult to stain, which test group Ⅴ more Leaf type more neutrophils. CONCLUSION: The addition of 40 mg / L boron in drinking water can significantly promote the formation, proliferation, morphological structure and function of blood cells in rats. Adding 80 mg / L boron has some adverse effects on the morphology and function of blood cells. Adding 160 ~ 640 mg / L boron on rat blood cells have varying degrees of damage, and even showed significant toxic effects.