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目的掌握开阳县伤寒、副伤寒疾病的流行情况,探寻危险因素,为提出有针对性的综合性防制措施提供依据。方法在开阳县选择既往发病较多的6个乡镇建立以全人群的伤寒、副伤寒病原菌监测系统,对就诊发热病例进行登记、采血作病原学检测,监测时间2008年5月～2010年8月。结果登记发热病例112 503例,采集血液标本8 529份,检出阳性病例92例,其中伤寒1例,副伤寒91例。病例以10～40岁人群为主,农民占确诊病例数的69.57%;体温在37.5～38.0℃的占52.17%,症状多以上感症状为主。结论开阳县流行的菌株主要为甲型副伤寒;加强对发热人群伤寒、副伤寒监测,早期发现、及时治疗病人是伤寒、副伤寒防控的重要措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Kaiyang County and to explore the risk factors so as to provide a basis for proposing targeted comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods In the six villages and towns with more previous incidences in Kaiyang County, a monitoring system of typhoid and paratyphoid pathogens in the whole population was established. The cases of fever were examined and blood was taken for etiological detection. The monitoring time was from May 2008 to August 2010 month. Results A total of 112,503 cases of fever were registered and 8 529 blood samples were collected. 92 positive cases were detected, of which 1 was typhoid and 91 were paratyphoid fever. The cases were dominated by the population aged 10-40 years. Farmers accounted for 69.57% of the confirmed cases. The body temperature was 52.17% at 37.5-38.0 ℃. The symptoms were mostly symptomatic. Conclusion The predominant strains in Kaiyang County are Paratyphoid A, and it is an important measure to prevent and control Typhoid and Paratuberculosis in patients with fever, typhoid fever, paratyphoid surveillance, early detection and timely treatment.