凭借商业网络、专业知识等优势,上海茶栈设计了适合近代中国商业习惯的放款制度,使金融业最大程度地参与到对外贸易中,并最大限度地降低了放款风险。但茶栈放款也引致一系列负面影响,茶叶质量低劣程度加剧是其中之一。为攫取利益和规避风险,茶栈强制性要求借款者保证最低数量的茶叶供给,在此信贷约束下,制茶号利用一切机会进行低劣产制,以保证数量供给和实现成本转移,导致茶农的获利空间被极大挤压,致使他们粗放生产,形成恶性循环。同时,既有金融的内在缺陷、茶栈与制茶号之间难以构建长期业务关系和外部性选择等因素,引致了更深层次的信贷约束,使制茶号得不到用于改进茶叶质量所需的长期贷款,抑制了茶叶质量改进,严重影响了中国茶叶的国际竞争力。 With its business network and expertise, Shanghai Tea Shop has designed a lending system that is suitable for modern Chinese business practices, maximizing the financial industry’s participation in foreign trade and minimizing the risk of lending. However, the lending of the tea stack has also caused a series of negative effects. The worsening of the tea quality is one of them. In order to grab interest and avoid risks, the tea stack obligates borrowers to guarantee the minimum amount of tea supply. Under this credit constraint, the tea number takes every opportunity to make inferior production systems to ensure quantity supply and cost transfer, Profit margins have been greatly squeezed, resulting in their extensive production, forming a vicious circle. At the same time, there are inherent flaws in finance. Difficulty in establishing long-term business relationships and externality choices between the tea stack and the tea-making station has led to deeper credit constraints that have not allowed access to tea-making facilities for improving the quality of tea The long-term loans needed to curb the quality improvement of tea have seriously affected the international competitiveness of Chinese tea.