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目的 中国南澎列岛恙虫病发病率近年明显增高 ,而国内并无该地区恙虫病疫源地的记载 ,为了当地军民的健康 ,本研究对该地区作为恙虫病疫源地进行全面调查与研究。方法 疫源地流行病学调查、病原分离、当地预防措施的制定。结果 该地区为南亚热带岛屿疫源地 ,主要宿主为褐家鼠 ,主要媒介为地里纤恙螨。褐家鼠与地里纤恙螨的季节消长与发病均一致。从宿主与媒介分离到恙虫病立克次体经鉴定为Karp株。血清流行病学调查表明该岛临时居民恙虫病抗体 10 0 .0 %阳性 ,部队人群阳性率达 4.0 %。本研究确立了中国南澎列岛恙虫病疫源地的存在 ,同时制作了卫生宣教录像片、编写了恙虫病防护手册与流行前期的卫生课 ,对该地区军民进行卫生宣教提高防病意识 ,流行季节前对该疫源地进行大面积灭鼠、灭螨措施 ,对人员进行个体防护。综合措施应用后当年无病例发生。结论 中国南澎列岛是恙虫病疫源地。
Objective The incidence of scrub typhus in Nanpeng Islands in China was significantly increased in recent years, but there was no record of scrub typhus in the area in China. For the sake of local military and civilian health, this study conducted a comprehensive investigation and research on the scrub typhus in the area. Methods Epidemiological investigation of foci, pathogen isolation, and formulation of local precautionary measures. Results The area was a sub-tropical island of South Asia. The main host was Rattus norvegicus. The main medium was chigger mites. Rattus norvegicus and ground chigger mite seasonal growth and incidence are consistent. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi isolated from host and vector was identified as Karp strain. Serological epidemiological survey showed that the island temporary resident scrub typhus antibody was 100.0% positive, force-positive rate of 4.0%. This study established the existence of tsutsugamushi disease in southern Penghu island in China, and at the same time produced the hygienic missionary video card, prepared the tsutsugamushi disease prevention handbook and the pre-epidemic hygienic course, carried out the hygienic education to the army and the people in the area to raise the consciousness of preventing disease and the epidemic season For a large area before the epidemic of rodent control, eliminate mite measures, personal protection of personnel. No case occurred after the comprehensive measures were applied. Conclusion Nanpeng Islands in China is the source of scrub typhus.