决策总是要付诸实施的,不准备实施,决策就是多余的。决策的动力问题考察的正是如何使决策付诸实施,贯彻执行,发挥效用的问题。在有关决策问题的探讨中,人们往往谈及如何改变“拍脑袋”或经验决策的状况,制订最优决策的问题,而对动力问题却远远没有得到足够的重视。事实上,即是人们能制订出最优的决策方案,如果没有一套有效的动力机制保证其贯彻执行,决策是没有任何意义的。社会作为系统来考察,它是由以个人为基元形成的一个多层次的巨型系统。目的性及层次性是社会系统的重要特征。任何一个子系统,作为大系统的一部分,无论是有意还是无意的,都有为大系统的总目标服务的一面,同时,由于层次性,作为不 Decision-making has always been put into practice, not ready for implementation, decision-making is redundant. The motive force of decision-making is the question of how to put decision-making into practice, carry it out and bring its utility into full play. In the discussion of decision-making, people tend to talk about how to change the state of “racking their brains” or their experience in making decisions and make the best decisions. However, the issue of motivation is far from getting enough attention. In fact, people can formulate the optimal decision-making plan. Without an effective motivation mechanism to ensure its implementation, the decision-making does not make any sense. Society as a system to examine, it is formed by the individual as a multi-layered giant system. Purpose and hierarchy are important features of the social system. Any subsystem, as part of a larger system, whether it is intentional or not, has a side to serve the overall goal of the larger system and, at the same time,