一西班牙是个工业比较落后的资本主义国家,它的农业中还存在着浓厚的半封建关系的残余。第一次世界大战期间,西班牙的民族工业虽有了较大的发展,但在它的主要工业部门中,外国资本仍居于主导地位,阻碍了战后西班牙工业的发展。一小撮大地主和天主教教会占有大量的土地,掌握了对农民的生杀大权。在农村中还普遍存在着中世纪的地租形式和所谓“酋长制”。代表大地主、大资产阶级和教会利益的君主政权残酷地统治着西班牙的各族人民。 A Spanish country is a relatively backward industrial capitalist country, and there is still a remnants of its strong semi-feudal relations in its agriculture. During the First World War, Spain’s national industry witnessed great development. However, in its major industrial sectors, foreign capital still dominates and hindered the development of post-war Spanish industry. A handful of landlords and Catholic churches occupy a large amount of land, grasping the power of life and death for peasants. Medieval land rent forms and so-called “chiefs” are also prevalent in rural areas. The monarchy, representing the interests of the big landlords, the big bourgeoisie and the church, rudely ruled the people of all nationalities in Spain.