论文部分内容阅读
目的了解花都区儿童蛲虫感染主要影响因素,为蛲虫病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2013年在全区乡镇(街道)采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取24所幼儿园24所小学作为调查点,使用问卷进行相关影响因素调查,在每所学校(园)随机调查家长各50名以上,对每所学校(园)的卫生设施及卫生管理措施等现场问卷调查。采用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 2013年1~3月,在花都区所有乡镇(街道)共调查24所幼儿园和24所小学,调查家长1 963人,学校(园)48所。知晓率:家长对蛲虫的感染、危害及防治等的知晓率为80.95%(1 589/1 963),城区的高于乡(镇)的,分别为82.80%(626/756)和77.55%(963/1 207);卫生行为:个人卫生行为习惯,如饭前便后洗手、剪指甲等,家庭卫生情况,如拖地抹台凳、玩具清洗消毒等,显示城区的优于乡镇的,幼儿比小学生好;学校(园)卫生环境设施及管理制度:如厕所卫生状况、洗手设施配置、室外环境清洗等情况显示,幼儿园比小学好,城区的比乡镇的好。结论个人卫生习惯以及学校(园)的卫生设施及其管理等是影响蛲虫感染的主要因素,今后必须加强健康教育、卫生行为的培养和强化幼儿园及学校的卫生管理。
Objective To understand the main influencing factors of pinworm infection in children in Huadu District and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of enterobiasis. Methods Twenty-four primary schools in 24 kindergartens were selected as survey sites by stratified random sampling in 2013 in towns and townships (neighborhoods) of the whole district. Surveys were conducted using questionnaires to investigate the relevant factors. More than 50 parents were randomly surveyed in each school (garden) , On each school (garden) health facilities and health management measures and other on-site questionnaires. Using Excel software for statistical analysis. Results From January to March 2013, 24 kindergartens and 24 primary schools were surveyed in all towns and villages in Huadu district (street), with 1,963 parents and 48 schools (or parks) investigated. Awareness: The rate of parents’ awareness of pinworm infection, harm and prevention was 80.95% (1 589/1 963) and 82.80% (626/756) and 77.55% respectively over the townships in the urban areas (963/1 207); Health Behavior: Personal hygiene habits such as washing hands and nails after meals, family hygiene such as mop bench, cleaning and disinfection of toys, etc., showing that urban areas are better than townships, Toddlers are better than primary school students. Schools (parks) sanitary environment facilities and management system: the condition of toilets, the configuration of hand washing facilities and the cleaning of outdoor environment show that kindergartens are better than primary schools and urban areas are better than towns. Conclusions Personal hygiene habits and the sanitary facilities and management of the school (garden) are the main factors that affect the infection of pinworms. In the future, we must strengthen the training of health education and health behaviors and strengthen the health management of kindergartens and schools.