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目的:探讨父母教养方式与大学生职业期望的关系。方法:父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)与大学生未来职业期望调查问卷测量271名大学生。结果:1独生子女情感温暖理解、偏爱被试得分显著高于非独生子女(t=3.291,P<0.01;t=2.055,P<0.05),职业期望和声望显著低于非独生子女(t=-2.668,-3.161;P<0.01);2职业期望与情感温暖理解(r=0.168,P<0.01)呈显著正相关;声望因子与拒绝否认(r=-0.199,P<0.01)、惩罚严厉(r=-0.145,P<0.05)呈显著负相关;发展因子与情感温暖理解(r=0.235,P<0.01)、惩罚严厉(r=0.121,P<0.01)呈显著正相关;福利因子与情感温暖理解(r=0.214,P<0.01)、偏爱被试(r=0.136,P<0.05)呈显著正相关;3独生子女对父母严厉惩罚和职业期望具有显著调节作用(β=0.842,t=2.087,P<0.05)。结论:根据独生与非独生子女情况调整教养方式有利于大学生职业期望的发展。
Objective: To explore the relationship between parental rearing patterns and career expectations of college students. Methods: 271 undergraduates were surveyed by EMBU and Prospective Students Expectancy Questionnaire. Results: Only one child perceived warmth preference preference scores were significantly higher than non-only children (t = 3.291, P <0.01; t = 2.055, P <0.05), career expectations and prestige was significantly lower than non-only children (t = -2.668, -3.161; P <0.01) .2 There was a significant positive correlation between occupational expectations and emotional warmth understanding (r = 0.168, P <0.01) (r = -0.145, P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the developmental factors and the warmth understanding (r = 0.235, P <0.01) Emotional warmth (r = 0.214, P <0.01), preference preference test (r = 0.136, P <0.05) showed a significant positive correlation; 3 children had significant regulatory effects on severe parental punishment and career expectations (β = 0.842, t = 2.087, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Adjusting parenting styles based on the situation of only children and non-only children is conducive to the development of career expectations of college students.