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完善案例指导制度是近年来中央和最高人民法院重点推动的司法改革任务。在全国法院的审判工作中,地方法院承载了最重要、数量最多的审判任务,面对的问题也是最棘手、最直接的。推行案例指导制度在促进司法公正、防止司法腐败、规范法官与当事人和律师关系、监督司法活动、完善立法和司法解释、提高审判质量和效率、调动法官工作激情、缓解“案多人少”矛盾、避免网络事件、拓展替代性纠纷解决机制方面都将起到重要作用。应按照受理案件的特点确定分级分类发布案例的机制,使各级法院在发布案例方面有所侧重。为了保证上级法院运用指导性案例监督指导审判工作有序进行,避免发生“同案不同判”现象,应建立自上而下参照案例的机制。为了适应我国的司法文书传统,也应当明确法官不能在判决中引用案例,但是对于律师、当事人、检察机关在起诉、答辩、上诉、抗诉等文书中提请法官注意某一指导性案例与本案的相似性问题时,应该用相关制度保证法官必须要充分地注意到该指导性案例。
Improving the case guidance system is the task of judicial reform that has been mainly promoted by the Central and Supreme People’s Courts in recent years. In the trial of the national courts, the district courts carry the most important and the largest number of judicial tasks. The problems they face are also the most intractable and the most direct. The implementation of the case guidance system in promoting judicial justice, preventing corruption in the judiciary, regulating the relationship between the judge and the parties and lawyers, supervising judicial activities, improving legislation and judicial interpretation, improving the quality and efficiency of trials, arousing the enthusiasm of judges and alleviating “ ”Conflicts, avoid network incidents, expand alternative dispute resolution mechanisms will play an important role. The mechanism of grading and classifying cases should be determined according to the characteristics of admissibility cases so that courts at all levels pay more attention to the distribution of cases. In order to ensure that the higher courts supervise and guide the trial work to be conducted in an orderly manner and prevent the occurrence of the phenomenon of “different claimants in the same case”, a top-down reference case mechanism should be established. In order to adapt to the tradition of judicial documents in our country, it should also be clear that judges can not cite cases in judgments, but lawyers, parties and procuratorates draw the attention of judges to similar cases in the prosecution, defense, appeal and protest cases. In the case of sexual problems, the relevant system should be used to ensure that the judge must fully take note of the guidance case.