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目的了解洛阳市中小学生结核病感染情况,探索预防性治疗及管理措施。方法对洛阳市中小学生进行结核菌素试验(PPD),向PPD反应≥15mm学生的家长发放《结核杆菌感染预防性治疗通知书》,市结防所门诊医生负责宣教,由学生家长知情自愿选择预防性治疗。结果小学和初中一年级学生PPD试验阴性率分别为68.12%和53.19%;小学生弱、中、强、超强阳性率分别为12.87%,12.97%,4.76%,1.28%,初中学生分别为18.14%,17.42%,8.06%,3.19%,初一学生的阳性率均高于小学一年级学生,差异有统计学意义。预防性治疗率为2.27%。结论随着年龄的增长,学生自然感染率增高,在中小学进行预防性治疗是控制结核病流行的重要措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence of tuberculosis among primary and secondary school students in Luoyang and to explore preventive treatment and management measures. Methods Primary and secondary school students in Luoyang were tested for tuberculin test (PPD), parents of PPD reaction≥15mm were given “Notice of Preventive Treatment of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection” Preventive treatment. Results The negative rates of PPD test in primary and junior high school students were 68.12% and 53.19% respectively. The positive rates of weak, moderate, strong and super-primary in primary school students were 12.87%, 12.97%, 4.76% and 1.28% respectively, while the junior middle school students were 18.14% , 17.42%, 8.06% and 3.19% respectively. The positive rate of first-year students was higher than that of first-year students in primary school, the difference was statistically significant. Preventive treatment was 2.27%. Conclusion With the increase of age, the natural infection rate of students increases. Preventive treatment in primary and secondary schools is an important measure to control the epidemic of tuberculosis.