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外科（surgery）一词来源于希腊语cheirourgia，大致为手（cheiro）的操作（ergon）之意。所有非外科医生（nonsur－geqn）都认为理发员（barber）是最早的外科医生。1540年Henry见公布了理发员与外科医生联合的法令。1745年，外科医生才有了自己的独立团体。1800年英王乔治三
The word surgery is derived from the Greek cheirourgia, roughly the word cheiro. All nonsurgeurs consider the barber the earliest surgeon. In 1540, Henry saw the publication of the decree on the association of barbers and surgeons. In 1745, surgeons had their own independent group. 1800 King George III