在不同土壤水分条件下对不同耐旱性小麦品种光合性能的比较研究表明，群体光合速率和旗叶光合速率一般以耐旱品种莱农８８３４为高，不耐旱品种鲁麦７号为低，但在土壤水分充足条件下两品种差异较小，在土壤水分亏缺条件下差异尤为显著。从群体光合速率和旗叶光合速率受水分的响应看，耐旱品种莱农８８３４受水分胁迫光合速率降低的幅度小于不耐旱品种鲁麦７号。莱农８８３４的群体光合速率和旗叶光合速率高与其在水分亏缺条件下能保持较高的叶面积系数和叶绿素含量有关。从产量性状分析，莱农８８３４适宜在供水有限的条件下发挥其耐旱特性，提高产量；而鲁麦７号可在供水充足条件下发挥其高产潜力。 Comparative studies on photosynthetic characteristics of wheat cultivars with different drought-tolerant cultivars under different soil moisture conditions indicated that the photosynthetic rate and flag leaf photosynthetic rate were generally higher in the resistant cultivar Lai Nong 8834 than in the non-drought tolerant Lumai 7, However, under the conditions of adequate soil moisture, the difference of the two cultivars was small and the difference was particularly significant under the condition of soil water deficit. From the responses of the photosynthetic rate and flag leaf photosynthetic rate of the population, the photosynthetic rate of drought tolerant Laiong 8834 was less than that of the non-drought tolerant Lumai 7 under water stress. The population photosynthetic rate and flag leaf photosynthetic rate of Lennon 8834 was related to its ability to maintain high leaf area index and chlorophyll content under water deficit condition. From the analysis of yield traits, Lainong 8834 is suitable to exert its drought-tolerant characteristics under limited water supply conditions to increase the yield; while Lumai 7 can exert its high yield potential under sufficient water supply conditions.