产前超声检查是一项非侵入性的检查手段,可以准确安全地评估胎儿宫内状况,其联合母亲年龄及血清学筛查结果可以预测胎儿染色体异常的发病风险。随着对胎儿染色体非整倍体异常研究的深入,超声标记的发现和对其的研究也越来越多,如妊娠早期胎儿颈项透明带厚度增厚和鼻骨缺失、妊娠中期心脏及肢体内脏结构的异常增加了胎儿染色体异常的发病风险。就产前超声检查的某些超声标记与胎儿染色体异常发病率之间的关系作一综述。 Prenatal ultrasound is a noninvasive means of screening for accurate and safe assessment of intrauterine conditions. Combined with maternal age and serological screening, prenatal ultrasound can predict the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. With the in-depth study of fetal aneuploidy abnormalities, the discovery of the ultrasound marker and its research is also more and more, such as the thickening of the fetal neck zona pellucida and thickening of the nasal bone in the first trimester of pregnancy, mid-pregnancy heart and visceral structure Abnormalities increase the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The relationship between some ultrasonic markers of prenatal ultrasonography and the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities is reviewed.