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目的观察云南省水利血防沟道治理工程灭螺效果,为科学评价水利血防工程控制钉螺扩散提供依据。方法2009-2011年对云南省大理市和永胜县国家级血吸虫病监测点水利血防沟道治理工程区域开展螺情调查,并收集该区域血防历史资料,分析比较工程建设前后螺情变化。结果 3年间大理市沙井水利血防沟道治理工程硬化段仅2010年查到1只钉螺,活螺密度为0.004只/0.1 m~2,未硬化段钉螺密度分别为0.080、0.002、0.007只/0.1 m~2。3年间永胜县高家村水利血防沟道治理工程硬化段未查出钉螺,未硬化段活螺密度分别为0.040、0.030、0.040只/0.1 m~2。两地沟渠硬化后,连续3年未发现感染性钉螺,有螺框出现率和活螺密度呈逐年下降趋势,而同期邻近的未硬化环境有螺框出现率和活螺密度均高于硬化环境。结论水利血防工程对消灭钉螺有明显效果,但工程竣工后,应加强维护。
Objective To observe the effect of snail control in water conservancy and blood-draw prevention channel project in Yunnan Province, and to provide basis for the scientific evaluation of snail snail diffusion in the project of water conservancy and blood conservation. Methods From 2009 to 2011, the investigation of spirits of water conservancy and blood-supply prevention and treatment of national schistosomiasis monitoring sites in Dali City and Yongsheng County of Yunnan Province was carried out. The historical data of blood-protection were collected and the changes of the snails before and after construction were analyzed and compared. Results During the three years, only one snail was found in the sclerosis section of Shajing water conservancy and bloodshed prevention and drainage control project in 2010. The live lobe density was 0.004 /0.1 m ~ 2. The snail density in unhardened section were 0.080, 0.002 and 0.007 /0.1 The average snail density was 0.040, 0.030 and 0.040 only /0.1 m ~ 2, respectively, in the sclerotic section of Gaojiacun water conservancy and anti-typhoon control project in Yongsheng County during m ~ 2.3 years. After the ditches were hardened in both areas, no infectious snails were found for three consecutive years, and the occurrence rates of snail boxes and live snails tended to decrease year by year. In the same period, the occurrence rates of snail frames and the live lobed density in the unhardened environment were higher than those in the hardening environment . Conclusion The project of water conservancy and blood protection has obvious effect on the elimination of snails, but should be strengthened after the completion of the project.