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使用有机溶剂并采用液-液萃取法按极性大小对山楂叶提取物进行萃取分离,分别得到石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相以及水相4个不同的极性组分,测定了各组分提取物的多酚和黄酮的含量,并探讨了其体外抗氧化能力。结果表明,山楂叶提取物各极性组分中多酚和黄酮含量由多到少依次是:正丁醇相>乙酸乙酯相>水相>石油醚相。其中正丁醇相的总还原力最好,其IC50为0.31±0.004 mg·m L-1;水相表现出最好的Fe2+螯合能力,其IC50为0.04±0.003 mg·m L-1;而乙酸乙酯相对DPPH自由基、超氧自由基(O2-·)的清除能力最好,其IC50分别为0.09±0.001 mg·m L-1和0.01±0.006 mg·m L-1。山楂叶提取物各极性组分都具有良好的抗氧化能力,但是抗氧化效果因反应体系的不同而不同,试验结果为山楂叶的综合利用提供了一定的理论依据。
Using organic solvent and liquid-liquid extraction method, the extract of hawthorn leaf was separated by polarity to obtain four different polar components of petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase and water phase respectively, The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids of the extracts of each component were determined and their in vitro antioxidant capacity was also explored. The results showed that the content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the various polar components of hawthorn leaf extract from more to less are: n-butanol phase> ethyl acetate phase> aqueous phase> petroleum ether phase. The n-butanol phase had the best total reducing power with IC50 of 0.31 ± 0.004 mg · m L-1. The aqueous phase showed the best Fe2 + chelation ability with an IC50 of 0.04 ± 0.003 mg · m L-1. However, the scavenging capacity of ethyl acetate to DPPH radical and superoxide radical (O2-) was the best, with the IC50 of 0.09 ± 0.001 mg · mL-1 and 0.01 ± 0.006 mg · mL-1, respectively. All the polar components of hawthorn leaf extract have good anti-oxidation ability, but the anti-oxidation effect is different due to the different reaction systems. The results provide some theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of hawthorn leaves.