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目的:发现有临床意义的不规则抗体,建立稀有血型库,为患者提供抗原相同的血液,确保输血安全及新生儿溶血病的发生。方法:本分析采用凝聚胺、抗球蛋白、菠萝酶等方法,对随机无偿献血者6000例,医院随机患者4100例做不规则抗体筛选比较,根据抗体的分布组建稀有血型库。结果:检出不规则抗体56例,女性38例高于男性18例(P<0.01),产生不规则抗体者多有输血史或妊娠史41例(73.2%),Rh抗体26(46.4%)为多见,Rh抗原分布特点,E、C、c、e抗原阳性比D抗原阳性低,产生抗体的机率高于抗-D。结论:随机混合O型红细胞容易漏检个别抗体。各供、受血单位应坚持对献血者及受血者进行不规则抗体的筛选和鉴定。规范配血方法,减少输血不良反应的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To find clinically significant irregular antibodies, to establish a rare blood bank, to provide patients with the same antigen blood, to ensure the safety of blood transfusion and neonatal hemolytic disease. Methods: Polyglutamine, antiglobulin and pineapple enzyme were used in this analysis. Random blood donors were randomly selected from 6,000 randomized donors and 4,100 randomized patients to do irregular antibody screening. According to the distribution of antibodies, a rare blood bank was constructed. Results: There were 56 cases of irregular antibodies and 38 cases of women were higher than those of males (P <0.01). There were 41 cases (73.2%) and 26 (46.4%) of patients with irregular antibodies, For the more common, Rh antigen distribution characteristics, E, C, c, e antigen positive than the D antigen is low, the probability of producing antibodies than anti-D. Conclusion: It is easy to miss individual antibodies by randomly mixing O-type erythrocytes. For each donor, blood units should adhere to the blood donors and recipients of irregular antibodies screening and identification. Standardize blood distribution methods to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.