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为研究鼎湖山紫背天葵人工栽培适宜的生长基质和气候条件,以组培球茎为材料,比较了自然气候条件下几种混合基质处理对植株生长情况的影响。结果表明:不同配比混合基质的pH值、有机质和铵态氮含量对球茎萌芽和植株的生长均有显著的影响,适合的pH缓冲范围在3.5～4.5之间,表明紫背天葵为喜酸植物。添加黄泥的基质并不适合紫背天葵的生长;泥炭土+珍珠岩(3:1)混合基质较适宜于紫背天葵的生长,球茎萌芽率达到88%,植株的须根、球茎、叶和株高等指标表现良好。结合栽培物候期分析,球茎的萌芽期在当年11月～次年1月,生长适温在16～25℃之间,相对湿度为90%～95%。
In order to study the suitable growth substrate and climatic conditions of artificial cultivation of DingHuang ZiHuang sunflower, the effects of several mixed substrates on the growth of the plants were compared under the natural climatic conditions by using the tissue culture bulbs as materials. The results showed that the pH value, organic matter and ammonium nitrogen content of mixed medium with different proportion had significant effects on germination of bulb and plant growth. The suitable pH buffer range was 3.5 ~ 4.5, Acid plant. The medium with the addition of yellow mud was not suitable for the growth of A. nigrum. The mixed substrate of peat soil + perlite (3: 1) was more suitable for the growth of A. nigrum, the germination rate of bulb was 88% Leaf and plant height indicators performed well. According to the analysis of the phenophase of the cultivated plants, the germination period of the bulbs was between November and January of the following year in January of the same year. The optimum growth temperature was between 16 and 25 ℃ and the relative humidity was between 90% and 95%.