目的：介绍现代生物技术ＤＮＡ指纹图谱与测序技术在中药品质研究上的应用和意义。方法：以国内外有代表性的论文为基础，进行整理与归纳。结果：目前ＤＮＡ指纹图谱技术有ＲＦＬＰ，ＰＣＲ，ＡＦＬＰ，ＡＰＰＣＲ和ＲＡＰＤ等。测序基因有ｃｐＤＮＡ的ｒｂｃＬ，ｍａｔＫ，ｒｐｏＣ，ｍｔＤＮＡ的ｃｙｔｂ，核基因组的ｒＲＮＡ、ＩＴＳ等。介绍了中药品质ＤＮＡ指纹图谱与ＤＮＡ序列的研究成果和进展。结论：ＤＮＡ指纹图谱与测序技术在中药品质研究中具有广阔的应用前景 Objective: To introduce the application and significance of modern biotechnology DNA fingerprinting and sequencing technology in the study of Chinese herbal medicine quality. Methods: Based on representative papers at home and abroad, they were organized and summarized. Results: The current DNA fingerprinting techniques include RFLP, PCR, AFLP, AP-PCR and RAPD. Sequencing genes include cpDNA rbcL, matK, rpoC, mtDNA cytb, nuclear genome rRNA, ITS, and so on. The research achievements and progresses of DNA fingerprinting and DNA sequence of Chinese medicine quality were introduced. Conclusion: DNA fingerprinting and sequencing technology has a broad application prospect in the research of quality of traditional Chinese medicine