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两组科学家在1998年分别报道了增食欲素(Orexin)。增食欲素A(OXA)和增食欲素B(OXB)是由外侧下丘脑神经元产生的神经肽,通过与两种7次跨膜G蛋白偶联受体——增食欲素受体结合来发挥作用。Orexin主要参与摄食和能量代谢、睡眠-觉醒周期调节,同时也在呼吸、情绪行为、心血管、胃肠道、细胞增殖和凋亡等方面发挥作用。随着近年来研究的进展,Orexin对胰岛β细胞的调节也越来越受到重视,包括Orexin参与的胰腺内分泌和IR两个过程。本文对Orexin系统及其功能的研究进展作一综述。
Two groups of scientists reported orexin (Orexin) in 1998 respectively. Orexin A (OXA) and orexin B (OXB) are neuropeptides that are produced by lateral hypothalamic neurons by binding to two seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors, the orexin receptor Play a role. Orexin is mainly involved in feeding and energy metabolism, sleep-wake cycle regulation, and also plays a role in respiration, emotional behavior, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal tract, cell proliferation and apoptosis. With the progress in recent years, the regulation of islet β-cell by Orexin is getting more and more attention, including the process of endocrine and IR involved in Orexin. This article reviews the research progress of Orexin system and its functions.