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抗结核药乙胺丁醇(Ethambutol)其付作用主要引起中毒性球后视神经炎。本文对13例26眼进行临床资料分析,并就其临床特点、中毒与剂量、服药时间、治疗预后等关系进行讨论。认为本病通常以轴性视神经炎类型多见,中心视力下降明显,本组病例0.1以下占46%,0.5以下则占84%。;色觉障碍发生率达84%;视野多为中心暗点及傍中心暗点。眼底视乳头早期正常,后期常变淡、黄斑多暗,反光不清。ERG大都正常,VEP则异常。用药剂量与中毒发生率成正比,剂量越大,发生中毒机会越多。本组6例是服常剂量发生中毒;大多病人(7例)在服药3—4个月出现中毒症状。发生中毒,应及时停药,积极治疗,否则中毒加深,预后不良。此药对眼部损害轻时是可逆的。重则不可逆,且目前缺乏有效的治疗药物,因此其对眼部的不良影响。应引起各科临床工作者的关注。
Ethambutol, an antituberculous drug, mainly causes toxic retrobulbar neuritis. In this paper, 13 cases of 26 cases of clinical data analysis, and its clinical features, toxicity and dosage, medication time, treatment prognosis and other relations are discussed. That the disease is usually more common type of axial optic neuritis, decreased visual acuity in the center, the group accounted for 46% following 0.1, 84% below 0.5. ; The incidence of color vision disorders reached 84%; visual field mostly dark spots and the center of the dark spots. Fundus early normal nipple, the late often pale, dark spots more, reflective is not clear. ERG mostly normal, VEP is abnormal. Dosage and dose poisoning is proportional to the dose, the greater the chance of poisoning more. The group of 6 cases is usually taking dose poisoning; most patients (7 cases) in the medication 3-4 months symptoms of poisoning. In case of poisoning, the drug should be stopped in time and actively treated, otherwise the poisoning deepens and the prognosis is poor. This medicine is reversible when it is lightly damaged to the eye. Weight is irreversible, and the current lack of effective treatment drugs, so its adverse effects on the eye. Should lead to clinical subjects in all subjects of concern.