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19世纪欧洲自由主义者的民族观点是当代“自由民族主义”的重要理论源泉。以约翰·密尔为代表的英国自由主义者将民族情感视为政治共同体的凝聚力。在民族自决、何谓“大国”等问题上,则持一种“文明”标准,认为文明程度高的民族可以独立,可以同化文明程度低的民族;民族国家的伟大在于文化与精神的高贵。欧洲的自由主义与民族主义经历了从19世纪初结盟反对封建专制,到20世纪逐渐分离。当代学者重新接续它们,既正视了政治共同体的民族国家前提,承认忠诚的重要性;又把个人权利与选择自由注入民族主义,防范其极端化。
The 19th century nationalist view of European liberals is an important theoretical source of contemporary “liberal nationalism.” British liberals, represented by John Mill, regard national feelings as the cohesion of the political community. On the issues of national self-determination and what is meant by “great power,” we hold the standard of “civilization.” We believe that a nation with a high degree of civilization can be independent and can assimilate a nation with a low level of civilization. The greatness of a nation-state lies in its culture and spirit Noble. European liberalism and nationalism experienced an alliance that opposed feudal autocracy from the early 19th century and gradually separated from the 20th century. Contemporary scholars re-join them, not only face the prerequisite of nation-state of political community, recognize the importance of loyalty, but also inject individual rights and freedom of choice into nationalism and prevent their extremism.