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本文为利用甲醇控制天然气水化作用的透平膨胀机装置提供了设计资料。内容主要包括:水化物的一般特性;利用甲醇或乙二醇降低水化作用,以及通过图表和克劳休斯—克莱普朗(Clausius-Clapeyron)近似公式表达水化点降与冰点降之间的关系;运用哈默施密特(Hammerschmidt)公式,预测一般天然气与防冻剂的稀水溶液接触时,水化点降的半经验公式;用于浓甲醇的哈默施密特修正公式;注入和回收甲醇的工艺流程;膨胀机装置中利用甲醇控制水化物系统的基本设计步骤和计算实例;甲醇脱水同固体床脱水的经济比较等。文章最后指出:用甲醇注入装置处理含水量低(4磅水/百万标准立方英尺)的天然气同用活性铝脱水装置相比,其投资和运行费用均较低。当处理天然气规模为20亿或1.2亿标准立方英尺/日时,其结论都一样;用甲醇脱水装置处理高含水天然气(23磅水/百万标准立方英尺)比用分子筛脱水装置投资少,而两者的运行费用却大体相同。本文还附有有关的计算图表和曲线。
This paper provides design information for a turbo-expander device that uses methanol to control the hydration of natural gas. Topics include: General characteristics of hydrates; Reduction of hydration with methanol or ethylene glycol; and Expression of hydration and freezing points by charts and Clausius-Clapeyron approximation. The Hammerschmidt formula is used to predict the semi-empirical formula of the hydration drop when contacting the dilute aqueous solution of natural gas with the antifreeze; the Hammersmith correction formula for concentrated methanol; the injection And methanol recovery process; expander device using methanol control hydrate system of the basic design steps and calculation examples; methanol dehydration and solid bed economic dehydration and so on. The article concludes with a note that using methanol injection to treat natural gas with a low water content (4 pounds of water per million standard cubic feet) is less expensive to invest and operate than with active aluminum dewatering equipment. The conclusion is the same when dealing with a natural gas scale of 2 billion standard cubic feet per day or less; treating methanol-rich natural gas (23 pounds of water per million standard cubic feet) with methanol dehydration means less investment than using a molecular sieve dehydration plant, The operating costs of both are roughly the same. This article is also accompanied by relevant calculation charts and curves.