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目的为医院感染管理及设计符合我国国情的医院建筑提供一定依据。方法对门诊部区域１５６个监测点进行了全年空气菌落数监测。结果空气菌落数与就诊人数、人流时值及气候有关。环境恶劣，高密度人流而引发高交叉感染率。将空气中分离的金黄色葡萄球菌及表皮葡萄球菌检测了耐甲氧西林金葡菌（ＭＲＳＡ）及耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌（ＭＲＳＥ）。分离率分别为６７．０％和４５．５％。结论空气不是微生物生长繁殖的适宜场所，但它却起到一定传播作用。门诊部在医院感染控制中占有重要地位
Objective To provide some evidence for the management of hospital infection and design of hospital buildings in line with China’s national conditions. Methods A total of 156 monitoring sites in the outpatient area were monitored for airborne colonies throughout the year. Results The number of airborne colonies was related to the number of visitors, the time of population flow and the climate. Poor environment, high density of people and lead to high cross-infection rates. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated in air were tested against MRSA and MRSE. The separation rates were 67.0% and 45.5% respectively. Conclusion Air is not a suitable site for microbial growth and reproduction, but it plays a role of transmission. Outpatient clinics occupy an important position in the control of nosocomial infections