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早老素(presenilin,PS)是在家族性早发型阿尔茨海默病中发现的一种跨膜蛋白,主要表达于细胞膜和细胞器膜上。PS作为γ-分泌酶的重要组成部分,参与细胞内多种蛋白的调控。近年研究发现在扩张型心肌病中存在PS基因突变,并且发现PS基因对心脏的形成及心肌细胞中钙稳态的调控具有重要作用。本文综述了PS在心脏中的作用以及PS可能影响心肌细胞钙稳态的相关机制,后者包括β-淀粉样蛋白、1,4,5-三磷酸肌醇受体、Ryanodine受体、钙泵等,为家族性扩张型心肌病的研究提供参考。
Presenilin (PS) is a transmembrane protein found in familial premature Alzheimer’s disease and is mainly expressed on the cell membrane and organelle membrane. PS as an important part of γ-secretase, involved in the regulation of a variety of proteins in the cell. Recent studies have found that there is PS gene mutation in dilated cardiomyopathy, and found that PS gene plays an important role in the formation of heart and the regulation of calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. This review summarizes the role of PS in the heart and the underlying mechanisms by which PS may affect calcium homeostasis in cardiac myocytes, including β-amyloid, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, Ryanodine receptor, calcium pump Etc., provide a reference for the study of familial dilated cardiomyopathy.