论文部分内容阅读
在某种环境中,放射性核素按一定规律分布在土壤表面及土壤中。核素衰变时,各向同性地发射出特定能量的γ射线。通过对γ射线的探测,可得到土壤中该核素的放射性活度。 为了配合对土壤环境中特定核素放射性活度的就地γ测量,针对特定的谱仪研制了专用的蒙特卡罗模拟程序,用于模拟核素衰变发出的γ射线经过土壤层、空气层及其它屏蔽物进入探测器晶体,并与晶体作用,以一定几率（探测效率ε）被探测器记录下来的过程。利用该程序,可以得到γ谱仪测量计数率与土壤中核素的比活度关系以及相应的剂量率,并给出核
In some circumstances, radionuclides according to certain rules in the soil surface and soil. Nuclear decay, isotropically emit a specific energy of gamma rays. The radioactive activity of the nuclide in the soil can be obtained by detecting gamma rays. In order to support the in situ γ measurement of radioactivity of specific nuclides in soil environment, a dedicated Monte Carlo simulation program was developed for a specific spectrometer to simulate the emission of gamma rays from the decay of nuclides through the soil layer, the air layer and Other shielding into the detector crystal, and the role of the crystal, with a certain probability (detection efficiency ε) was recorded by the detector process. Using this program, we can get the relation between the counting rate of γ spectrometer and the specific activity of nuclide in soil and the corresponding dose rate,