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目的测定广藿香精油对白纹伊蚊的生物活性,筛选出一种对蚊虫具有驱杀活性的植物精油。方法在实验室条件下,用浸液法测定水蒸汽蒸馏提取的广藿香精油对白纹伊蚊各龄期幼虫及蛹的毒杀活性;用改良三角瓶法测定其对白纹伊蚊成蚊的熏杀活性;采用个体涂肤有效保护时间测定法测试其对白纹伊蚊的驱避活性。结果(1)广藿香精油对白纹伊蚊各龄期幼虫均有较强的毒杀活性,对1～4龄期幼虫及蛹24h的LC50值分别是20、34、59、60和187μg/ml;(2)广藿香精油对白纹伊蚊成蚊的熏杀快速有效,在18、36、54μg/cm3三种熏蒸剂量下,对白纹伊蚊熏杀的KT50值分别是14.692、16.528和14.807min;(3)以1.5、2.0和2.5mg/cm2剂量的广藿香精油涂抹人体皮肤,其完全保护时间分别是(2.70±0.12)h、(4.40±0.10)h和(6.00±0.44)h。结论广藿香精油对白纹伊蚊幼虫及成蚊均有较好的生物活性,具有研发成环保型蚊虫驱杀剂的潜力。
Objective To determine the biological activity of patchouli essential oil against Aedes albopictus and screen out a plant essential oil with anti-mosquito activity. Methods The toxicity of patchouli essential oil extracted by steam distillation to larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus was determined by immersion method under laboratory conditions. The toxicity to adult mosquitoes of Aedes albopictus Smoked kill activity; the individual skin protection effective time test method to test Aedes albopictus repellent activity. Results (1) Patchouli essential oil had strong toxicity to all the larvae of Aedes albopictus. The LC50 values of larvae and pupae at 1 ~ 4 instars were 20, 34, 59, 60 and 187 μg / ml. (2) Patchouli essential oil was fast and effective to kill Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. KT50 values of fumigating Aedes albopictus were 14.692 and 16.528 at three fumigation doses of 18, 36 and 54μg / cm3, respectively (2.70 ± 0.12) h, (4.40 ± 0.10) h and (6.00 ± 0.44) h, respectively. The protective effect of patchouli essential oil (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mg / h Conclusion Patchouli essential oil has good biological activity against Aedes albopictus larvae and adult mosquitoes, and has the potential of developing environmentally friendly mosquito repellent.