目的　分析新疆生产建设兵团 2 0世纪末的居民期望寿命和与寿命有关的指标。方法　采用分层随机抽样方法 ,获得期望寿命、死亡率、死因顺位、去死因寿命、潜在减寿年数 (YPLL)及人口长寿水平等指标 ,并对各项指标进行简要分析。结果　新疆生产建设兵团 (兵团 ) 1997～ 1999年期望寿命为 75 .6 1岁 ,男性为 72 .73岁 ,女性为 80 .0 2岁 ;农牧团场的期望寿命为 73.97岁 ,相对较低 ;经济水平高的地区期望寿命较高 ;北疆地区期望寿命高于南疆和东疆。年平均粗死亡率为 5 .17‰ (标化死亡率为 4 .5 3‰ )。主要死因顺位为 :恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、损伤与中毒、传染病与寄生虫病以及围产期情况。 7种死因中 ,去除呼吸系统疾病和围产期情况寿命增幅较明显。主要死因的潜在减寿率和标化潜在减寿 (SYPLL)率顺位的第 1位均为意外死亡。经济水平较高地区长寿水平也较高。结论　兵团人均期望寿命水平较高 ,但不同地区相差较大 ,为全面提高居民健康水平 ,既要加强自然环境的治理和扶贫力度 ,也要重视呼吸系病 (尤其是婴儿 )、老年慢性病的防治和提高围产期保健质量 ,进一步改善社会保障环境 ,降低损伤中毒的发生率 Objective To analyze the life expectancy and life expectancy of residents of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in the late 20th century. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to get the indicators of life expectancy, mortality, death cause rank, life expectancy at death, potential years of life lost (YPLL) and longevity of population. The indexes were briefly analyzed. Results The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Corps) from 1997 to 1999 had an expected life expectancy of 75.61 years. The male was 72.73 years old and the female was 80.02 years old. The life expectancy of the farming and pastoral community was 73.97 years old, relatively low ; The areas with high economic level have higher life expectancy; the life expectancy in northern area is higher than those in South Xinjiang and East Xinjiang. The average annual crude fatality rate was 5.117 ‰ (standardized mortality was 4.53 ‰). The major causes of death are: cancer, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, heart disease, injury and poisoning, infectious and parasitic diseases and perinatal conditions. Of the 7 causes of death, the respiratory diseases and perinatal conditions were significantly increased. The first of the underlying rates of potential life expectancy and SYPLL for the major causes of death were accidental deaths. Longevity in higher economic areas is also higher. CONCLUSION Corps has a higher expected life expectancy per capita, but with a large difference in different regions. In order to comprehensively improve the residents’ health level, it is necessary to strengthen the management and poverty alleviation of the natural environment as well as the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases (especially infants) and elderly chronic diseases And improve the quality of perinatal health care, and further improve the social security environment, reduce the incidence of injury poisoning