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全球定位系统测量仪是非惯性的,它直接测量相对于全球参考框架的位移;而惯性传感器受到系统出格(主要因倾斜)的影响,对得到位移的积分有不利影响。我们根据分布在近源到区域距离(约10~1 000km)上的高速全球定位系统台网记录,研究了MW6~9地震的峰值地动位移(PGD)的震级标度性质,得出的结论是:实时全球定位系统的地震波形可用来快速测定震级;通常在破裂开始的第一分钟内,许多情况是在破裂结束前,可定出震级。虽然比用P波初始几秒钟波形的地震预警方法要慢一些,但我们的方法不会遇到地震传感器在大震级时出现的饱和效应。快速震级估算可用于快速生成地震的震源模型、海啸预测和需要长周期位移准确信息的地震动研究。
Global Positioning System gauges are non-inertial and measure directly the displacement relative to the global frame of reference; inertial sensors, on the other hand, are subject to system outliers (mainly due to tilting), adversely affecting the integral of the displacement. Based on the records of high-speed GPS stations distributed near the source to the area (about 10-1000 km), we study the magnitude scale properties of peak ground motion displacements (PGDs) of the MW6 ~ 9 earthquakes and draw conclusions Yes: Real-time GPS seismic waveforms can be used to quickly determine magnitude; usually in the first minute of rupture, in many cases the magnitude can be set before rupture ends. Although the method of earthquake warning is slower than using the waveforms of the first few seconds of the P wave, our method does not encounter the saturation effect of the seismic sensor at high magnitudes. Rapid magnitude estimates can be used to rapidly generate source models for earthquakes, tsunami prediction, and ground motion studies that require accurate information on long-period displacements.