四、习得性无助 (一)习得性无助感的性质习得性无助理论是由戴维克(Dweck,1975)提出的,他曾考察了儿童拒绝参加一项活动(特别是体育活动),或仅仅做一尝试,然后很快退出的原因。他发现,原因是他们对结果很少有或根本就有控制权,结果在实践中体验了一种无助的感受。1976年,马里斯和安舍尔(Marisi and anshel,1976)进行了一项有关这一问题的实验研 Fourth, the learned helplessness (a) the nature of acquired helplessness learned by helpless theory of the theory by David (Dweck, 1975), he examined the children refused to participate in an activity (especially Sports activities), or just make a try, and then quickly exit the reason. He found that the reason was that they had little or no control over the outcome and as a result experienced a sense of helplessness in practice. In 1976, Marisi and Anshel (1976) conducted an experimental study on this issue