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准确测定头发中汞的含量,是监测汞的环境污染的重要手段.由于汞及其盐类易挥发的特点,在发汞的测定中,给分解试样带来很大的困难.六十年代有人提出用湿式灰化法分解头法试样,由于采用浓硝酸和高氯酸进行氧化分解,高温易使汞挥发损失,高氯酸易爆,硝酸经分解放出有毒气体,不很理想.日本小竹正人等提出用氧气瓶燃烧法处理发样,在操作安全上虽有改进,但前处理较为复杂,所用装置不易普及.我们采用了浓硫酸,双氧水的湿法氧化法,使分解温度控制在100℃以下,防止了汞的损失,同时氧化剂安全无毒,操作也较简单.
Accurate determination of mercury in the hair is an important means of monitoring the environmental pollution of mercury.Due to the volatile characteristics of mercury and its salts, it is very difficult to decompose the sample in the determination of mercury, It was suggested that the wet ashing decomposition head sample, due to the use of concentrated nitric acid and perchloric acid for oxidative decomposition, high temperature easy to make mercury volatilization loss, perchloric acid explosive, nitric acid decomposed to emit toxic gases, not ideal. Masatoshi Omori and others proposed to use oxygen cylinder combustion method for hair samples, although there are improvements in the operational safety, but the pretreatment is more complicated, the device is not easy to popularize.We used concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, wet oxidation, the decomposition temperature control 100 ℃ below, to prevent the loss of mercury, while non-toxic oxidant safe, the operation is relatively simple.