目的　评价合作医疗制度在疟疾监测和防治中的作用。　方法　通过两个横断面调查 ,调查合作医疗制度前后试点乡的疟疾流行和居民的疟防知识情况 ,收集合作医疗制度试点乡和对照乡的常规疟疾监测资料 ;经统计学分析和比较各项指标 ,以用于评价。　结果　合作医疗制度的建立和运行 ,提高了疟疾被动侦查的覆盖面和居民的疟防知识 ,减少了疟疾的发病和流行程度。　结论　只要合作医疗制度能顺利地运行 ,其对疟疾的监测和防治具有积极作用 ,问题的关键是在目前的社会经济条件下 ,怎样维持它的运行 Objective To evaluate the role of cooperative medical system in malaria surveillance and prevention. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted to investigate malaria prevalence and malaria prevention knowledge in pilot villages before and after the cooperative medical system. Regular malaria surveillance data were collected from pilot and control townships of the cooperative medical system. Statistical analysis and comparison of various indicators For evaluation. Results The establishment and operation of cooperative medical system improved the coverage of passive malaria investigation and malaria prevention knowledge of residents, and reduced the incidence and prevalence of malaria. Conclusion As long as the CMS is functioning smoothly, it has a positive effect on malaria surveillance and prevention. The crux of the problem is how to maintain its operation under the current socio-economic conditions