走出“凯恩斯主义”围城尽管中国当前所处时期和面临的形势和英美当时有所不同,但经济的结构性问题不亚于当年的英美,英美经验仍然有值得借鉴之处。供给侧改革的理论源自经济学界的供给学派。供给学派认为生产的增长决定于劳动力、资本等生产要素的供给和有效利用,市场会自动调节生产要素的利用,所以应当消除阻碍市场调节的因素。最典型的供给学派理论是萨伊定律,它认为供给会创造自己的需求,例如人们生产商品后会消费一部分,剩余的部分拿到市场上与他人进行交换,所以不会存在生产过剩。因此供给学派认为宏观调控政策的重点应该放 Although the current situation and the situation in China are different from those in Britain and the United States at that time, the structural problems of the economy are no less inferior to those of Britain and the United States of that year. The experience of Anglo-American countries is still worth learning from. The theory of supply-side reform stems from the supply-side school of economics. The supply school believes that the growth of production depends on the supply and efficient use of production factors such as labor and capital, and the market will automatically adjust the utilization of factors of production. Therefore, the factors that hinder market regulation should be eliminated. The most typical school of supply theory is Say’s Law, which holds that supply creates its own needs. For example, people consume some of their products after they have produced it, and the rest are market-exchanged with others, so there will be no overproduction. Therefore, the supply school believes that the focus of macro-control policies should be put