前言我们知道,生物体中的酶是由各种氨基酸的聚合体、多肽组成的天然高分子催化剂。在常温常压的温和条件下,它对各种化学反应都具有很高的催化活性和选择性。但是,我们平常在实验室里所进行的很多化学反应的实验,则需要加热、甚至加压,而且反应一般都属于统计型的,除了目的物以外还会产生一些不需要的副产物。因此,不但浪费能源,操作复杂,而且还会引起环境污染。如能合成出象酶那样的活性高、选择性好的催化剂并能用于化工生产,对于能源的有效利用,操作的改进和环境污染的防止,将会带来很大的好处。因此这方面的研究,越来越引起人们的重视。如上所述,酶是天然高分子化合物,其高度的活性和选择性与高分子中的宫能团的种类及其空间结构有关。因此就出现了模拟酶合成高分子催化剂这个新的研究领域。生物体内的酶,有一些是含金属的,有一些是不含金属的。前者 Preface We know that the enzyme in the organism is a natural polymer catalyst composed of various amino acid polymers and peptides. Under mild conditions of normal temperature and pressure, it has high catalytic activity and selectivity for various chemical reactions. However, many of the tests we normally carry out in our labs require heating and even pressurization, and the reactions are generally statistical and produce undesirable by-products in addition to the target product. Therefore, it is not only a waste of energy, complex operation, but also cause environmental pollution. It would be of great benefit to be able to synthesize catalysts with high activity and selectivity such as enzymes and to be used in chemical production, for efficient use of energy, improvement of operations and prevention of environmental pollution. Therefore, the research in this area has drawn more and more attention. As mentioned above, the enzyme is a natural macromolecular compound, and its high activity and selectivity are related to the type of the uterine energy in the macromolecule and its spatial structure. Therefore, there has been a new field of research that simulates the synthesis of polymeric catalysts. Some organisms in the body of the enzyme, some are metal-containing, some are metal-free. former