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本文主要讨论提高机床,尤其是加工中心热稳定性的各种方法,重点阐明控制热变形的各种方法的有效性,这种热变形是由内部热源引起的。同时讨论了有关热变形的最佳设计。分析是用有限元法,计算机模拟进行的,获得以下结论:采用滚动导轨比单柱滑动导轨、无冷却装置的标准型加工中心的热误差约减少到60%;采用局部对称补救办法的双立柱型误差可减少到30%,采用全对称双立柱可减少到30%;采用制冷装置可减少到9%;采用电风扇冷却器可减少到55%。同时采用多种方法则效果倍增。
This article focuses on various ways to improve the thermal stability of machine tools, especially in machining centers, highlighting the effectiveness of various methods of controlling thermal deformation caused by internal heat sources. Also discussed the best design for thermal deformation. The analysis was carried out using finite element method and computer simulation. The following conclusions were obtained: the thermal error of standard machining center without cooling device was reduced to about 60% when using rolling guide rail than that of single-column sliding guide; the double column with local symmetrical remedy Type error can be reduced to 30%, the use of fully symmetrical double column can be reduced to 30%; with refrigeration can be reduced to 9%; with electric fan cooler can be reduced to 55%. At the same time using a variety of methods double the effect.