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禁毁图书,古已有之,尤以清代为盛,而清代禁书,又以乾隆编纂“四库全书”过程中查禁违碍典籍最为酷烈。据考《四库全书总目》凡著录图书10,231种,171,003卷,而在纂修“四库全书”过程中“全部禁毁书籍约3,100多种,15万部以上”,占“四库全书总目”收入图书的三分之一左右。本文试就乾隆时期编纂“四库全书”过程中禁书的历史背景和政治目的、禁书内容及评价、禁书目录的刊印等作一浅近的研究和分析。
Banned books, has existed in ancient times, especially in the Qing Dynasty as Sheng, and banned books in the Qing Dynasty, but also with the Qianlong compilation “Sikuquanshu” in the process of banning the most violent books. According to the examination, “Sikuquanshu Head” recorded 10,231 kinds of books and 171,003 volumes of books, while in the process of compiling Sikuquansu, “all banned about 3,100 books and more than 150,000 books,” accounting for “Sikuquanshu Head ”income about one-third of books. This paper tries to make a close study and analysis of the historical background and political purposes of banned books during the compilation of Sikuquanshu in Qianlong period, the content and evaluation of banned books, and the publication of banned books catalogs.