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意大利蝗(Calliptamus italicus)是新疆草原的优势危害蝗虫种类之一。本研究利用GC-MS和嗅觉仪分析了意大利蝗对其寄主植物冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)、沙漠绢蒿(Seriphidium santolinum)、黄花苜蓿(Medicago falccata)、黄花草木樨(Melilotus officinali)的选择机制。结果表明:4种植物所含的主要挥发油为萜类和醇类化合物,萜类化合物含量从高到低依次为冷蒿(51.76%)、黄花苜蓿(20.52%)、黄花草木樨(19.46%)、沙漠绢蒿(9.00%);醇类化合物含量从高到低依次为黄花草木樨(33.48%)、沙漠绢蒿(20.26%)、黄花苜蓿(16.80%)、冷蒿(1.74%);不同寄主植物对意大利蝗的引诱效果不同,引诱率从高到低依次为冷蒿(56.00%)、沙漠绢蒿(36.12%)、黄花苜蓿(30.47%)和黄花草木樨(10.00%);意大利蝗对4种寄主植物的采食量与植物体内总黄酮含量的关系表明,食量与植物体内总黄酮的含量呈负相关(r=-0.601),意大利蝗喜食黄酮类化合物含量较低的冷蒿,而对黄酮类化合物含量较高的黄花草木樨表现出驱避。研究表明,寄主植物中所含的萜类化合物对意大利蝗有明显的引诱作用,而醇类和黄酮类化合物则对意大利蝗有明显的驱避作用。
Calliptamus italicus is one of the locust species that is predominant in Xinjiang grassland. In this study, the mechanism of selection of Artemisia frigida, Seriphidium santolinum, Medicago falccata, Melilotus officinali by the Italian locusts was analyzed by GC-MS and olfactometer. The results showed that the main volatile oils contained in the four plants were terpenoids and alcoholic compounds. The content of terpenoids was from Artemisia frigida (51.76%), Medicago falcata (20.52%), Medicago rutaecarpa (19.46%), , And Artemisia dendriticum (9.00%). The content of alcoholic compounds was 33.48% from high to low, Artemisia annua (20.26%), Medicago falcata (16.80%) and Artemisia frigida The host plants had different inducing effects on Italian locusts. The entrapping rates were as follows: Artemisia frigida (56.00%), Artemisia sphaerocephala (36.12%), Medicago falcata (30.47%) and Flos lonicerae (10.00%), The relationship between the feed intake of four host plants and the content of total flavonoids in plants showed that the food intake was negatively correlated with the content of total flavonoids in plants (r = -0.601), while the Italian locusts fed on Artemisia frigida with lower content of flavonoids , While the higher content of flavonoids Houttuynia show a repellent. Studies have shown that the terpenoids contained in host plants have a clear appealing effect on locusts, while alcohols and flavonoids have a clear repellent effect on locusts.