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现代白内障手术后由于晶状体上皮细胞大量增生等原因而常常形成后发性白内障,目前尚无有效安全的药物来防止其发生。激光后囊切开术虽常被用来提高后发障患者的视力,但可能带来视网膜脱离、黄斑水肿、眼压升高等严重并发症。基因治疗为疾病的治疗开辟了一条新途径,在基因治疗中,逆转录病毒载体是在具有分裂功能的细胞中进行基因转移和表达的载体,这一特点对其应用于靶向性治疗的实验研究有着十分重要的意义,因在后发性白内障早期,晶状体上皮细胞处于活跃分裂状态,而角膜内皮细胞等眼组织细胞多处于细胞周期的静止期。本文针对后发性白内障的基因治疗做一综述。
Modern cataract surgery due to the proliferation of lens epithelial cells and other reasons often form a posterior chamber cataract, there is no effective and safe drugs to prevent its occurrence. Laser posterior capsulotomy is often used to improve the visual acuity of patients with post-stroke, but may lead to retinal detachment, macular edema, elevated intraocular pressure and other serious complications. Gene therapy opens up a new avenue for the treatment of diseases in which retroviral vectors are the carriers of gene transfer and expression in cells that have a dividing function, a characteristic of their use in targeted therapies Research is of great significance, because in the early posterior chamber cataract, lens epithelial cells in the active division, and corneal endothelial cells and other ocular tissue cells in the quiescent phase of the cell cycle. This article reviews the gene therapy of posterior capsular diseases.