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采集落叶期的叶片,测定叶片中干物质、粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪等8个主要营养成分和总酚、单宁2个适口性指标的含量,分析不同品种果树间的含量差异,并运用主成分分析法对其营养价值进行综合评定。结果表明,5种果树叶片中干物质、粗灰分、钙、磷、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、总酚的含量差异不显著。核桃叶片的酸性洗涤纤维和单宁含量最高,枣叶片酸性洗涤纤维含量最低,香梨叶片单宁含量最低,核桃与红枣、香梨之间酸性洗涤纤维和单宁含量的差异显著。苹果叶片营养价值最高,核桃叶片营养价值最低。除酸性洗涤纤维和单宁外,5种果树间叶片化学成分含量差异不显著。结合适口性指标单宁、总酚含量和营养价值综合评定结果,香梨和杏叶片较适宜作为林业饲料进行开发利用。
Eight leaves of dry matter, crude ash, crude protein and crude fat, and two palatability indexes of total phenols and tannin were measured during the leaf deciduous period. The content differences among different fruit trees were analyzed. Using principal component analysis to evaluate its nutritional value. The results showed that the contents of dry matter, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus, crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber and total phenol in the leaves of five kinds of fruit trees were not significantly different. The content of acid detergent fiber and tannin in walnut leaves was the highest, the content of acid detergent fiber in jujube leaves was the lowest, the content of tannin in pear leaves was the lowest, and the content of acid detergent fiber and tannin in walnut, jujube and pear were significantly different. Apple leaves the highest nutritional value, the lowest nutritional value of walnut leaves. In addition to acid detergent fiber and tannin, the chemical composition of the leaves of the five kinds of fruit was no significant difference. Combining the palatability index tannin, total phenolic content and nutritional value of the comprehensive evaluation results, pear and apricot leaves more suitable for forestry feed development and utilization.