《百家姓》是宋代钱塘(杭州)一个书生所编,他将常见的姓氏编成四字一句的韵文,便于诵读和记忆。《百家姓》共收入单姓408个,复姓30个(另有版本为472姓)。因宋朝皇帝姓赵,所以赵字放第一。当时浙江一带主政者姓钱,故排第二。孙、李两姓都是钱氏家人,依次排在第三、四。明朝初年,编印了《皇明千家姓》, “Baijia Surnames” was compiled by a scholar in Qiantang (Hangzhou) in the Song Dynasty. He compiled common verses into four-character verse to read and remember. “Baccarat” a total of 408 single income surname, hyphenated 30 (another version of 472 surname). Due to the Song Dynasty Emperor Zhao, so Zhao put first. At that time, governors in Zhejiang were surnamed Wang, so ranked second. Sun, Li two surnames are Qian’s family, followed by the third and fourth. The early Ming Dynasty, compiled a “Ming emperor thousand family names”