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滑动扫描技术是高效、高保真、环保的可控震源勘探技术之一,是下一组震源不必等待上一组震源震动结束即可开始震动的高效采集方法。该技术由于缩短了相邻两炮的等待时间,使得生产效率得到显著提高。但是后一炮的谐波畸变与前一炮的基波信号混叠在一起,不易分离,在相关后的地震记录上形成了严重的谐波干扰,降低了地震资料的质量。本文提出一种反相关方法来压制滑动扫描地震数据中的谐波干扰。该方法首先把地面力信号分解为基波和各阶谐波分量;然后将后一炮的相关前数据分别与各分量相关,只选取正时间轴中对应分量的自相关部分,利用各分量的反相关算子提取各阶谐波信息;最后从前一炮数据中减去提取出的高阶谐波,得到压制谐波后的地震记录。该方法对有效信号影响小,可同时处理相关前和相关后数据,而且算法简单稳定,计算效率高。本文分别对理论模型和实际数据进行处理,验证了该方法消除谐波干扰的有效性。
Sliding scanning technology is one of the most efficient, high-fidelity and environment-friendly vibroseis exploration technologies. It is an efficient acquisition method for the next generation of vibrators without waiting for the shocks to be started at the end of a series of vibrations. The technology due to shorten the waiting time of two adjacent guns, making the production efficiency has been significantly improved. However, the harmonic distortion of the latter shot is misplaced with the fundamental signal of the previous shot, which is hard to be separated and forms a serious harmonic disturbance on the related seismic record, which reduces the seismic data quality. In this paper, an anti-correlation method is proposed to suppress harmonic interference in sliding-scan seismic data. Firstly, the ground force signal is decomposed into the fundamental wave and each harmonic component. Then the correlation data of the latter shot is related to each component separately. Only the autocorrelation components of the corresponding components in the time axis are selected, Anti-correlation operator to extract the various levels of harmonic information; Finally, subtract the extracted high-order harmonics from the previous shot data to obtain the harmonic records after the suppression of the earthquake. The method has little effect on the effective signal and can process the data before and after the correlation, and the algorithm is simple and stable and the computational efficiency is high. In this paper, the theoretical model and the actual data are respectively processed to verify the effectiveness of the method to eliminate harmonic interference.