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南海海洋划界问题格外复杂。星罗棋布的岛屿、岩礁等海洋地形,多个沿海国间的岛屿主权争端,周边国家对200海里以外大陆架权利的主张等,使南海海洋划界问题极具挑战性。虽然如此,南海周边国家之间已经缔结了一些海洋划界协议。本文立足于现有的南海周边国家的海洋划界协议,聚焦划界协议中基线、划界方法和岛屿的效力问题并结合国际法理论与实践分析南海海洋划界面临的挑战。
South China Sea delimitation is particularly complicated. The maritime topography such as dotted islands and rock reefs, the sovereignty disputes over many coastal states, and the claims of neighboring countries on the continental shelf 200 nautical miles have made the South China Sea delimitation extremely challenging. Nonetheless, a number of maritime demarcation agreements have been concluded between countries in the South China Sea. Based on the existing maritime demarcation agreements in the countries around the South China Sea, this paper focuses on the baseline, demarcation methods and the effectiveness of islands in the demarcation agreement and analyzes the challenges facing the maritime delimitation of the South China Sea based on the theory and practice of international law.