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目的探讨气象条件对甘肃省甲肝发病的影响。方法对甘肃省88个地县、区2004—2005年的12 859例甲肝进行流行病学现况分析,对月发病人数与气象因素(月气温、气压、相对湿度、风速、降水)进行相关分析。结果甘肃省各地区甲肝全年均有发病,但各地区发病季节分布和发病高峰存在差异。发病率最高的舟曲县(甘南州)为198.9/10万;发病率最低的兰州市永登县仅为3.95/10万;共有20个县(区)发病率高于全省平均水平(28.08/10万)。高发地区主要位于34.0~36.0°N、102.0~108.0°E范围内,而低发病率地区分散在全省各地区。大部分地区发病高峰在8、9月,也有少部分地区3月也出现小高峰。甲肝月发病人数与月平均气温、月平均最高气温、月最低气温以及月降水密切相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。另外,前一个月的气象因素与甲肝的相关系数大于当月。结论2004—2005年甘肃省甲肝平均发病率高于全国1993—2001年的平均水平,是我国甲肝的高发区;省内存在以周曲县为中心的高发区,甘肃省各地甲肝发病存在一定的季节差异,气象条件对甲肝发病有一定影响且存在一定的滞后效应。
Objective To investigate the impact of meteorological conditions on the incidence of hepatitis A in Gansu Province. Methods The epidemiological status of 12 859 cases of hepatitis A in 88 counties and districts of Gansu Province during 2004-2005 was analyzed. Correlation analysis was made between the monthly incidence and meteorological factors (monthly temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed and precipitation) . Results Hepatitis A occurred in all regions of Gansu Province throughout the year, but there was a difference in the distribution of seasonal onset and peak incidence in all regions. The highest incidence of Zhouqu County (Gannan Prefecture) was 198.9 / 100000; Yongding County, Lanzhou City, the lowest incidence of only 3.95 / 100000; a total of 20 counties (districts) incidence higher than the provincial average (28.08 /100,000). High incidence areas are mainly located in the range of 34.0 ~ 36.0 ° N, 102.0 ~ 108.0 ° E, while low incidence areas are scattered in all regions of the province. Peak incidence in most areas in August and September, there are few parts of March also showed a small peak. The number of monthly incidence of hepatitis A was closely related to monthly average temperature, monthly mean maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature and monthly precipitation (P <0.05, P <0.01). In addition, the correlation coefficient between meteorological factors and hepatitis A of the previous month was greater than that of the current month. Conclusion The average incidence of hepatitis A in Gansu from 2004 to 2005 was higher than the national average from 1993 to 2001, which was the high incidence of hepatitis A in our province. There was a high incidence area with Zhouqu County as the center in our province. There was a certain incidence of hepatitis A in Gansu Province Seasonal differences, meteorological conditions have a certain impact on the incidence of hepatitis A and there is a certain lag effect.