论文部分内容阅读
微波辐射与X线辐射分别对人体健康的影响,已有很多报道。而微波与其他职业因素同时存在对人体健康的影响,则调查研究较少。事实上,一些微波发射设备如速调管、磁控管、行波管等在工作时,由于产生高速运动的电子,可有少量X线发射;而大功率雷达,则可伴随产生较强的X线。国内以往对雷达等操作人员的调查,均视为单微波接触者,忽略了X线的影响。为了评价微波与X线联合辐射对作业人员血液系统的影响,并为制订微波与X线联合暴露的职业卫生标准提供科学资料,在某研究所,选择微波与X线同时接触的工人(联合组)49名,微波接触工人(微波组)48名,及二者均不接触工人(对照组)46名,进行了有关血液学方面的检查。三组工人的年龄与工龄均较接近,其众数分别在30～50岁和10～30年之间。联合组与微波组工人所接触的微波频率均在L、X波段,波型为脉冲波,工作位的微波场强分别在20～150μLW/cm~2和10～100μW/cm~2之间。联合组工人同时还不定期地接触低剂量X线,估计年累积剂量小于5rem。
There are many reports on the effects of microwave radiation and X-ray radiation on human health respectively. The microwave and other occupational factors exist at the same time the impact on human health, the survey less. In fact, some microwave transmitting devices such as klystrons, magnetrons, traveling wave tubes and the like, may generate a small amount of X-ray emission due to high-speed movement of electrons during operation; and high-power radars may be accompanied by strong X-ray. In the past, surveys of radar and other operators in China were all considered as single-wave contacts, ignoring the influence of X-ray. In order to evaluate the influence of the combined radiation of microwave and X-ray on the blood system of workers and to provide scientific information for formulating the occupational health standards of microwave and X-ray exposure, in a certain institute, workers who choose to have simultaneous exposure to microwave and X-rays ) 49, microwave exposure workers (microwave group) 48, and 46 did not touch the workers (control group), conducted a hematological examination. Three groups of workers are close to the age and length of service, the mode were 30 to 50 years and 10 to 30 years. The frequencies of the microwaves contacted by the workers in the joint group and the microwave group were in the L and X bands, respectively. The microwave field strength of the working place was between 20 ~ 150μLW / cm ~ 2 and 10 ~ 100μW / cm ~ 2, respectively. At the same time, the workers in the joint group also touched the low-dose X-ray irregularly, and the annual cumulative dose was estimated to be less than 5 rem.