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宫颈癌是女性生殖系统中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。宫颈癌筛查是降低其发生率和病死率的有效措施。自20世纪50年代以来，以细胞学检查为主要方法的宫颈癌筛查大大降低了宫颈癌的发生率。近年来随着人们对人乳头瘤病毒（ HPV）与宫颈癌关系的认识，HPV DNA检测在宫颈癌的筛查中的作用愈显重要，HPV感染后引起的一系列分子标志物的检测也成为了研究的热点。 HPV DNA检测及新型的分子生物学检测技术的应用，有利于更早期地发现HPV感染相关的宫颈病变，在宫颈癌的筛查和早期诊断中将显示出更广阔的应用前景。“,”Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive sys-tem.Cervical cancer screening is an effective measure to reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer.Since 1950s, the screening of cervical cancer with cytological examination as main method has greatlyreduced the incidence of cervical cancer.In recent years, with the increasing understanding of the relationshipbetween human papillomavirus ( HPV) and cervical cancer,HPV DNA testing has been playing anincreasingly important role in cervical cancer screening, and the testing of a series of molecular markerscaused by HPV infection has become a research hotspot.HPV DNA testing and application of new biomarkertesting technology are helpful to the earlier discovering of HPV infection related cervical lesions, and willhave a wider prospects in the screening and early diagnosis of cervical cancer.