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为了制定科学的机场道面平整度评价标准,提出一种基于竖向加速度响应的机场道面平整度评价方法并反演IRI标准。综合考虑飞机的竖向运动、俯仰和侧倾转动,建立6自由度的飞机整机动力学模型及振动平衡方程,并从飞机轮胎的几何滤波效应出发,采用“刚性滚子”轮胎接触模型的有效路形表征不平整道面;同时,构建飞机驾驶员、前舱位、后舱位和重心处的竖向加速度及其最大响应的计算模型,并采用Simulink仿真模块进行快速求解。以某代表C类飞机为例,在服从高斯分布的随机道面激励及不同滑行速度下,综合分析4个代表部位的最大竖向加速度响应的分布特性,建立其对应的非线性回归模型,并以波音公司疲劳标准为据,反演机场道面平整度的IRI标准值。结果表明:与现有标准相比,反演的IRI标准值更为宽松,且跑道的平整度标准比滑行道更严格,与实际中机场道面的平整度评价相吻合。
In order to formulate scientific evaluation criteria of airport surface smoothness, a method to evaluate the airport surface roughness based on vertical acceleration response is proposed and the IRI standard is retrieved. Considering the vertical movement, pitch and roll of the aircraft, a six degree of freedom aircraft dynamics model and vibration equilibrium equation are established. Based on the geometric filtering effect of aircraft tires, the “rigid roller” tire contact At the same time, the calculation model of the vertical acceleration and its maximum response of the pilot, front cabin, rear cabin and center of gravity of the aircraft is constructed, and the Simulink simulation module is used to solve the problem quickly. Taking a representative class C aircraft as an example, the distribution characteristics of the maximum vertical acceleration responses of four representative sites are analyzed under random surface excitation and different taxiing velocities subject to Gaussian distribution, and their corresponding nonlinear regression models are established. Based on the Boeing Company’s fatigue standard, the IRI standard for airport surface smoothness is retrieved. The results show that compared with the existing standard, the inverted IRI standard value is more relaxed, and the flatness standard of the runway is more strict than that of the taxiway, which is in good agreement with the actual flatness evaluation of the airport pavement.